I still haven't seen anyone in the East that has more talent than Boston. Toronto are a good but not great team. Milwaukee are awkward to play against. Philly have top level talent but questionable depth. Boston has the most balanced and most talented roster in the East. 
I care about talent a heck of a lot more than a W-L record (especially over only 20 games). 
Boston is the best team in the East.
There's talent and then there's how you play.
Where do you think the Celts will improve as the season goes on, and how?
I don't think it's as simple as saying "they're too talented not to figure it out."  Even factoring in Hayward's struggles returning from injury, it doesn't really make sense to me that they are this bad at generating efficient offense.
Great opening post. Paraphrasing what Thomas Edison said, success is 10% inspiration and 90% perspiration. This team has plenty of inspiration going for them, they have talent across the roster, but talent without effort and application doesn't do anything. I've come to the conclusion that the issues this team is having is 100% mental. If you look at the stats from last season's playoffs vs this season to date a number of our metrics are actually up:
TEAM		GP	W	L	WIN%	MIN	PTS	FGM	FGA	FG%	3PM	3PA	3P%	FTM	FTA	FT%	OREB	DREB	REB	AST	TOV	STL	BLK	BLKA	PF	PFD	+/-
'17-18 Season	82	55	27	.671	48.3	104.0	38.3	85.1	45.0	11.5	30.4	37.7	16.0	20.7	77.1	9.4	35.1	44.5	22.5	14.0	7.4	4.5	4.4	19.7	19.2	3.6
'17-18 Playoffs	19	11	8	.579	48.5	101.4	36.4	83.3	43.7	10.5	30.6	34.3	18.1	23.5	76.7	8.8	32.8	41.7	21.2	11.6	6.8	4.1	5.6	20.4	21.4	0.7
2018-19 Season	20	10	10	.500	48.5	106.3	39.4	90.2	43.7	12.3	35.8	34.3	15.3	19.8	77.2	10.3	36.0	46.2	24.3	13.7	8.1	5.4	4.0	21.2	20.5	2.1
PPG is up, rebounds are up, assists are up, both from last year and last year's playoffs. 
Here's the defensive comparison:
TEAM		GP	W	L	MIN	DEF RTG	DREB	DREB%	STL	BLK	OPP PTS	OFF TOV	OPP PTS	2ND CHANCE	OPP PTS	FB	OPP PTS	PAINT
'17-18 Season	82	55	27	48.3	103.1	35.1	73.9	7.4	4.5	15.6		11.2			10.4		43.8
'17-18 Playoffs	19	11	8	48.5	106.0	32.8	74.7	6.8	4.1	12.5		10.7			11.1		44.7
'18-19 Season	20	10	10	48.5	102.8	36.0	74.6	8.1	5.4	13.8		12.2			11.6		45.1
Not much difference again, right? The stats would suggest that our defense is actually better overall than last year. 
Let's look at advanced stats:
TEAM		GP	W	L	MIN	OFFRTG	DEFRTG	NETRTG	AST%	AST/TO	AST RATIO	OREB%	DREB%	REB%	TOV%	EFG%	TS%	PACE	PIE
'17-18 Season	82	55	27	3961.0	106.7	103.1	3.6	58.6	1.60	17.0		26.3	73.9	50.4	14.4	51.8	55.2	96.82	51.9
'17-18 Playoffs	19	11	8	922.0	107.0	106.0	1.0	58.2	1.82	16.5		25.6	74.7	49.4	12.3	50.0	54.1	93.81	49.9
'18-19 Season	20	10	10	970.0	104.6	102.8	1.8	61.7	1.78	17.5		25.4	74.6	49.9	13.4	50.5	53.8	100.48	51.7
	
Our net rating has dropped, our assist ratio has gone up, our EFG% (as mentioned in the OP) and TS% has dropped slightly but not materially in my opinion.
Finally here's the scoring comparison:
TEAM		GP	W	L	MIN	%FGA2PT	%FGA3PT	%PTS2PT	%PTS2PT-MR	%PTS3PT	%PTSFBPS	%PTSFT	%PTSOFFTO	%PTSPITP	2FGM%AST	2FGM%UAST	3FGM%AST	3FGM%UAST	FGM%AST	FGM%UAST
'17-18 Season	82	55	27	48.3	64.3	35.7	51.6	13.4		33.0	9.1		15.3	14.8		38.3		49.0		51.0		81.3		18.7		58.6	41.4
'17-18 Playoffs	19	11	8	48.5	63.3	36.7	51.2	10.2		31.0	9.8		17.8	14.8		41.0		48.1		51.9		83.4		16.6		58.2	41.8
'18-19 Season	20	10	10	48.5	60.3	39.7	51.1	13.5		34.6	14.3		14.3	16.2		37.6		51.0		49.0		85.3		14.7		61.7	38.3Our % of FG from 2pt range has dropped, our % of FG from 3 has gone up, our % of FT has dropped, probably because our pts in the paint (PITP) has dropped, but our % of FG assisted vs unassisted has gone up, both from 2 and 3.
So what does all this tell us? It tells us that if you look at them statistically there's really not that huge a difference from last year. They were a poor offensive team last year and they still are this year. This year it looks worse because we're taking and missing more 3. Defensively it's a wash from last year from an overall perspective. 
So why are we 10-10 this year? Most telling stat to me: of our 10 wins, 6 have come from likely playoff bound teams like Philly, Toronto, Detroit (twice), OKC and Milwaukee. We also had a 1pt loss to Indiana and only lost our first matchup with Toronto in the last 2 mins. Against (perceived) lesser competition we've given up losses to NY (and our 1st game against them we only won by 2), Orlando, Denver, Charlotte and Dallas.
This tells me that they can get themselves up for the good teams, they put the effort in from the opening tipoff and at their best they can beat anyone. We've all seen that in flashes. But when you match them up with run of the mill teams I think they struggle to get motivated, they get lazy, take lazy shots, don't make the effort to get to the rim, don't switch quickly enough and don't communicate when they do so they get burned trying to close out the open shooter. Then they fall behind and expend huge amounts of energy to try and catch up.
Certainly there's technical and tactical issues to sort out, they need to attack the paint more, communicate better on D, make more of an effort to identify hot hands on the other team and get the ball out of their hands more, but a big part of this team's problem is between the ears and inside their chest. Talent without effort and application doesn't get you very far in the NBA.
Just my 2c.